feat(auth): integrate zod validation for login and registration

app/api/auth/register/route.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /**
- * @file route.ts
+ * @file api/auth/register/route.ts
- * @description API route handler for user registration, managing name validation, email normalization, password matching, hashing, and auto sign-in.
+ * @description API route handler for user registration utilizing Zod for validation, bcrypt hashing, and auto sign-in.
  */
 
 import { NextResponse } from "next/server";
@@ -10,15 +10,15 @@ import { eq } from "drizzle-orm";
 import bcrypt from "bcryptjs";
 import { signIn } from "@/auth";
 import { AVAILABLE_COLORS } from "@/types/user";
+import { registerSchema } from "@/lib/schemas/auth";
 
 /**
- * Handles POST requests for new user registration.
+ * Handles POST requests to register a new user.
- * Validates input fields, checks password confirmation, normalizes email, checks for existing users,
+ * Validates request payload via Zod, checks for email uniqueness, hashes the password, creates the user record, and attempts auto sign-in.
- * assigns a random profile color, hashes the password, saves the user to the database, and performs an automatic sign-in.
  *
  * @async
- * @param {Request} request - The incoming HTTP request containing the registration payload in JSON format.
+ * @param {Request} request - The incoming HTTP request containing registration data.
- * @returns {Promise<NextResponse>} A JSON response indicating registration success or an error message with the appropriate HTTP status code.
+ * @returns {Promise<NextResponse>} A JSON response indicating registration success or an error message.
  */
 export async function POST(request: Request) {
   try {
@@ -31,61 +31,23 @@ export async function POST(request: Request) {
       );
     }
 
+    // 1. Validation with Zod (checks types, lengths, email format, and password matching)
+    const validationResult = registerSchema.safeParse(body);
+
+    if (!validationResult.success) {
+      const errorMessage = validationResult.error.issues[0].message;
+      return NextResponse.json({ message: errorMessage }, { status: 400 });
+    }
+
     const {
       firstName,
       lastName,
       email: rawEmail,
       password,
-      confirmPassword,
+    } = validationResult.data;
-    } = body;
-
-    // Validation of all required fields
-    if (
-      !firstName ||
-      typeof firstName !== "string" ||
-      !lastName ||
-      typeof lastName !== "string" ||
-      !rawEmail ||
-      typeof rawEmail !== "string" ||
-      !password ||
-      typeof password !== "string" ||
-      !confirmPassword ||
-      typeof confirmPassword !== "string"
-    ) {
-      return NextResponse.json(
-        { message: "All fields are required" },
-        { status: 400 },
-      );
-    }
-
-    // Check if passwords match
-    if (password !== confirmPassword) {
-      return NextResponse.json(
-        { message: "Passwords do not match" },
-        { status: 400 },
-      );
-    }
-
-    // Normalize email
-    const emailRegex = /^[^\s@]+@[^\s@]+\.[^\s@]+$/;
     const email = rawEmail.toLowerCase().trim();
 
-    if (!emailRegex.test(email)) {
+    // 2. Check whether the email address already exists
-      return NextResponse.json(
-        { message: "Please provide a valid email address" },
-        { status: 400 },
-      );
-    }
-
-    // Password length check
-    if (password.length < 8) {
-      return NextResponse.json(
-        { message: "Password must be at least 8 characters long" },
-        { status: 400 },
-      );
-    }
-
-    // Check existing user
     const existing = await db.query.usersTable.findFirst({
       where: eq(usersTable.email, email),
     });
@@ -97,11 +59,11 @@ export async function POST(request: Request) {
       );
     }
 
-    // Select a random default color from the palette
+    // 3. Select a random profile color
     const randomColor =
       AVAILABLE_COLORS[Math.floor(Math.random() * AVAILABLE_COLORS.length)];
 
-    // Hash password & save user
+    // 4. Hash the password and store it in the database
     const hashedPassword = await bcrypt.hash(password, 10);
     await db.insert(usersTable).values({
       firstName: firstName.trim(),
@@ -111,7 +73,7 @@ export async function POST(request: Request) {
       color: randomColor,
     });
 
-    // Auto sign-in
+    // 5. Automatic Login After Successful Registration
     const signInResult = await signIn("credentials", {
       email,
       password,

lib/schemas/auth.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+/**
+ * @file lib/schemas/auth.ts
+ * @description Zod validation schemas for authentication forms, including login and user registration data constraints.
+ */
+
+import { z } from "zod";
+
+/**
+ * Zod validation schema for user login credentials.
+ */
+export const loginSchema = z.object({
+  email: z
+    .string()
+    .max(255, "Email is too long")
+    .pipe(z.email("Please provide a valid email address")),
+  password: z
+    .string()
+    .min(1, "Password is required")
+    .max(72, "Password is too long"),
+});
+
+/**
+ * Zod validation schema for new user registration payloads, including password confirmation matching.
+ */
+export const registerSchema = z
+  .object({
+    firstName: z
+      .string()
+      .min(1, "First name is required")
+      .max(50, "First name is too long"),
+    lastName: z
+      .string()
+      .min(1, "Last name is required")
+      .max(50, "Last name is too long"),
+    email: z
+      .string()
+      .max(255, "Email is too long")
+      .pipe(z.email("Please provide a valid email address")),
+    password: z
+      .string()
+      .min(8, "Password must be at least 8 characters long")
+      .max(72, "Password is too long (max 72 characters)"),
+    confirmPassword: z.string(),
+  })
+  .refine((data) => data.password === data.confirmPassword, {
+    message: "Passwords do not match",
+    path: ["confirmPassword"],
+  });

package-lock.json

@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
         "postgres": "^3.4.9",
         "react": "19.2.4",
         "react-dom": "19.2.4",
-        "swr": "^2.5.0"
+        "swr": "^2.5.0",
+        "zod": "^4.4.3"
       },
       "devDependencies": {
         "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4",
@@ -8595,7 +8596,6 @@
       "version": "4.4.3",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/zod/-/zod-4.4.3.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-ytENFjIJFl2UwYglde2jchW2Hwm4GJFLDiSXWdTrJQBIN9Fcyp7n4DhxJEiWNAJMV1/BqWfW/kkg71UDcHJyTQ==",
-      "dev": true,
       "license": "MIT",
       "funding": {
         "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/colinhacks"

package.json

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
     "postgres": "^3.4.9",
     "react": "19.2.4",
     "react-dom": "19.2.4",
-    "swr": "^2.5.0"
+    "swr": "^2.5.0",
+    "zod": "^4.4.3"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@tailwindcss/postcss": "^4",

services/auth.service.ts

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
  * @description Authentication service providing helper functions for guest credentials, sign-in, and registration.
  */
 
+import { loginSchema, registerSchema } from "@/lib/schemas/auth";
 import { signIn } from "next-auth/react";
 
 /**
@@ -23,18 +24,24 @@ export async function getGuestCredentials() {
 }
 
 /**
- * Authenticates a user using credentials via NextAuth.
+ * Authenticates a user using email and password credentials, performing client-side validation first.
  *
  * @async
  * @param {string} email - The user's email address.
  * @param {string} password - The user's account password.
- * @returns {Promise<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>} An object indicating success or describing the authentication error.
+ * @returns {Promise<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>} An object indicating sign-in success or an error message.
  */
 export async function loginUser(email: string, password: string) {
+  const validationResult = loginSchema.safeParse({ email, password });
+
+  if (!validationResult.success) {
+    return { error: validationResult.error.issues[0].message };
+  }
+
   try {
     const res = await signIn("credentials", {
-      email,
+      email: validationResult.data.email,
-      password,
+      password: validationResult.data.password,
       redirect: false,
     });
 
@@ -59,22 +66,24 @@ export async function loginUser(email: string, password: string) {
 }
 
 /**
- * Registers a new user account via the registration API endpoint.
+ * Registers a new user account by validating the form data and submitting it to the backend registration route.
  *
  * @async
- * @param {Record<string, any>} payload - The user registration form payload containing user details and passwords.
+ * @param {Record<string, any>} payload - The user registration form payload containing credentials and user details.
- * @returns {Promise<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>} An object indicating success or describing the registration error.
+ * @returns {Promise<{ success?: boolean; error?: string }>} An object indicating successful registration or an error message.
  */
 export async function registerUser(payload: Record<string, any>) {
-  if (payload.password !== payload.confirmPassword) {
+  const validationResult = registerSchema.safeParse(payload);
-    return { error: "Passwords do not match" };
+
+  if (!validationResult.success) {
+    return { error: validationResult.error.issues[0].message };
   }
 
   try {
     const response = await fetch("/api/auth/register", {
       method: "POST",
       headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json" },
-      body: JSON.stringify(payload),
+      body: JSON.stringify(validationResult.data),
     });
 
     const contentType = response.headers.get("content-type");